1. Summary of included studies.
| Author/ year | Country |
Randomized (n) |
Men (n; %) |
Baseline HAM‐D (score; SD)a |
CD4 count or HIV stage (mean; cells/mm3; SD)a |
ART (%)d |
Antidepressant | Placebo/comparison antidepressant | Adjunctive psychotherapy | Duration (weeks) | Dropouts (n; %) |
| Mauri 1994 | Italy | 26 | 19 (73%) | Fluv: 30 (1.3) P: 30 (6.9) |
9 had AIDS; 11 died within 1 year | 76% | Fluvoxamine | Placebo | No | 8 | NR |
| Rabkin 1994 | USA | 97 | 92 (95%) | I: 18 (4.1) P: 16 (4.1) |
301 (202) 341 (258)b |
53‐66%b | Imipramine | Placebo | No | 6 | 17 (18%) |
| Targ 1994 | USA | 20 | 20 (100%) | F: 21 (5.3) P: 20 (4.0) |
330 (145) 495 (176) |
100% | Fluoxetine | Placebo | Yes | 12 | 2 (10%) |
| Elliott 1998 | USA | 75 | 70 (93%) | 24.3 (5.7) | 368 (307) | 25% | Paroxetine | Imipramine/placebo | No | 12 | 41 (58%) |
| Zisook 1998 | USA | 47 | 47 (100%) | F: 20.2 (NR) P: 20 (NR) |
NR | 80% | Fluoxetine | Placebo | Yes | 7 | 10 (21%) |
| Rabkin 1999 | USA | 120 | 117 (98%) | F: 20 (4.7) P: 19 (5.1) |
295 (287) | 47% | Fluoxetine | Placebo | No | 8 | 33 (28%) |
| Schwartz 1999 | USA | 14 | 0 (0%) | F: 21 (6.0) D: 22 (10.8) |
F: 167 (unk) D: 191 (unk) |
Unk | Fluoxetine | Desipramine | No | 6 | 2 (14%) |
| Rabkin 2004 | USA | 85 | 85 (100%) |
F: 18 (4.5) P: 17 (3.3) |
F: 361 (237) P: 550 (359) |
F: 72% P: 74% |
Fluoxetine | Placebo | No | 8 | 25 (29.4%) |
| Patel 2013 | India | 70 | 30 (43%) | E: 36 (6) M: 38 (7) |
Unk | 100% | Escitalopram | Mirtazapine | No | 8 | 8 (11%) |
| Hoare 2014 | South Africa | 105 | 15 (14%) | E: 20 (5.5) P: 21 (5.2) |
E: 426 P: 350 c |
Unk | Escitalopram | Placebo | No | 6 | 3 (3%) |
ART: antiretroviral therapy; D: desipramine; E: escitalopram; F: fluoxetine; Fluv: fluvoxamine; HAM‐D: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; I: imipramine; M: mirtazapine; n: number of participants; NR: not reported; P: placebo; SD: standard deviation; unk: unknown.
aPresented according to what was available in the publications.
bResults presented for 'completers' and 'non‐completers' of the study protocol.
cMedian values.
dReceiving at least one antiretroviral drug.