Effects of forskolin on JWH133 modulated M-current and AP firing in VTA DA neurons. (a) Representative the typical traces of M-current under four different conditions: control (control, red trace), forskolin (Forsk, green trace), forskolin plus JWH133 (blue trace) and washout of drugs (light blue trace). The enhanced inset showed a reduction of M-current by forskolin. (b) Statistical analysis showed that forskolin significantly reduced M-current and in the presence of forskolin, JWH133 failed to enhance M-current. (c) In VTA slices using cell-attached recording, a time-frequency histograph showed AP firing rate's change during exposure to forskolin (10 μM) and forskolin plus JWH133 (10 μM). (d) Statistical analysis showed that forskolin increased AP firing rate, and in the presence of forskolin, JWH133 failed to reduce AP firing rate. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)