Table 1.
Effect of a chronic feeding (6 weeks) of a FFC or control diet ± metformin on caloric intake, body weight gain and markers of liver damage and fasting blood glucose.
| groups | P-value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | FFC | C + Met | FFC + Met | DExME | ME | DE | |
| Caloric intake [kcal/mouse/d] | 10.5 ± 0.1 | 10.8 ± 0.2 | 10.7 ± 0.1 | 10.5 ± 0.2 | NS | NS | NS |
| Body weight [g] (at end of trial) | 21.4 ± 0.6 | 22.1 ± 0.3 | 21.9 ± 0.5 | 22.4 ± 0.5 | NS | NS | NS |
| Weight gain [g] | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 2.6 ± 0.4 | 2.4 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 0.6 | NS | NS | NS |
| Liver weight [g] | 1.1 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.0a,c | 1.1 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.1a,c | NS | NS | <0.05 |
| Liver:Body weight ratio [%] | 4.9 ± 0.1 | 6.4 ± 0.2a,c | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.3a,c | NS | NS | <0.05 |
| Hepatic triglycerides [µg/mg protein] | 11.1 ± 1.7 | 38.7 ± 4.9a,c | 10.4 ± 1.6 | 36.5 ± 7.1a,c | NS | NS | <0.05 |
| Sirius red (% of microscopic field) | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | NS | NS | NS |
| asma mRNA# | 100 ± 24 | 79.8 ± 24 | 71.8 ± 14 | 82.9 ± 9.9 | NS | NS | NS |
| Vimentin mRNA# | 100 ± 25 | 126 ± 15 | 114 ± 26 | 117 ± 6.3 | NS | NS | NS |
| Plasma ALT [U/I] | 15.2 ± 1.0 | 18.9 ± 2.4 | 17.3 ± 1.2 | 17.7 ± 1.1 | NS | NS | NS |
| Fasting blood glucose [mg/dL] | 93 ± 6 | 87 ± 7 | 99 ± 7 | 95 ± 7 | NS | NS | NS |
Values are means ± standard error of means; n = 5–6. #Values are shown as % of control. ALT: alanine aminotransferase, asma: α-smooth muscle actin, C: control diet, C + Met: control diet and oral treatment with metformin (300 mg/kg BW/day), DE: diet effect, DExME: interaction between diet and metformin, FFC: fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet, FFC + Met: fat-, fructose- and cholesterol-rich diet and oral treatment with metformin (300 mg/kg BW/day), ME: metformin effect, Met: metformin, NS: not significant. aP < 0.05 compared with mice fed a control diet; cP < 0.05 compared with mice fed a control diet treated with metformin.