Table 4.
Kinematic and dimensional features of handwriting of PD and control groups, presented with group median, effect size and p-values from exact 2-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test.
| Series | PD_pmg | PD_o | Controls | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | Effect Size (r) | P | Median | Effect Size | P | Median | Effect Size (r) | P | |
| STROKE LENGTH (mm) | |||||||||
| Initial | 18.97 | 0.62 | < 0.001 | 16.35 | 0.53 | 0.039 | 19.4 | 0.22 | 0.128 |
| Final | 14.61 | 17.63 | 19.44 | ||||||
| QUADRILATERAL AREA(mm2) | |||||||||
| Initial | 30.11 | 0.63 | < 0.001 | 28.35 | 0.35 | 0.2 | 30.39 | 0.14 | 0.36 |
| Final | 18.41 | 25.41 | 26.77 | ||||||
| HORIZONTAL AMPLITUDE (mm) | |||||||||
| Initial | 5.31 | 0.10 | 0.6 | 5.75 | 0.25 | 0.38 | 6.16 | 0.47 | < 0.001 |
| Final | 5.76 | 6.91 | 7.39 | ||||||
| VERTICAL AMPLITUDE (mm) | |||||||||
| Initial | 4.24 | 0.62 | < 0.001 | 5.81 | 0.53 | 0.04 | 4.53 | 0.33 | 0.023 |
| Final | 3.62 | 4.34 | 3.71 | ||||||
| SPEED (mm/s) | |||||||||
| Initial | 20.70 | 0.1 | 0.98 | 19.03 | 0.63 | 0.008 | 38.76 | 0.45 | 0.001 |
| Final | 20.68 | 26.67 | 41.23 | ||||||
| PEN-TIP PRESSURE NORMALIZED:0–1 (NEWTON N) | |||||||||
| Initial | 0.474 (0.22 N) | 0.37 | 0.034 | 0.493 (0.23N) | 0.04 | 0.945 | 0.55 (0.25N) | 0.04 | 0.79 |
| Final | 0.408 (0.19 N) | 0.472 (0.22N) | 0.52 (0.24N) | ||||||
| ACCELERATION IN X DIRECTION (mm/sec2) | |||||||||
| Initial | 313.453 | 0.23 | 0.211 | 318.26 | 0.6 | 0.016 | 749.2 | 0.52 | 0.008 |
| Final | 392.885 | 494.31 | 999.65 | ||||||
| ACCELERATION IN Y DIRECTION (mm/sec2) | |||||||||
| Initial | 206.57 | 0.12 | 0.562 | 222.22 | 0.07 | 0.844 | 530.85 | 0.09 | 0.55 |
| Final | 235.25 | 260.5 | 530.11 | ||||||