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. 2019 Apr 24;13:351. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00351

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Copyright © 2019 Izsak, Seth, Andersson, Vizlin-Hodzic, Theiss, Hanse, Ågren, Funa and Illes.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Confocal images show cortical neuronal identity, presence of glial cells, synapses and spines in 3D-neural aggregate cultures. (A,i) BRN2+, (A,ii) CTIP2+, and SATB2+ cortical βTubIII+-neurons within 3D-neural aggregates. (B,i,ii) βTubIII⁺-postmitotic neurons were embedded in a glial network comprising GFAP⁺, S100β⁺ astrocytes and (B,iii) O4⁺ oligodendrocytes present outside (above) and at the edges (below, arrows) of 3D-neural aggregates. Boxes show morphology of O4⁺ oligodendrocytes at higher magnification. (C,i,ii) Visualization of excitatory vGlut⁺ and PSD-95⁺ synapses as well as (C,iii) βTubIII⁺-filled spines within 3D-neural aggregates. All images were taken 28 days after neural aggregate isolation and cultivation of ChiPSC4-derived neural cultures.