Table 2.
Summary of included studies.
| First Author - Year | Settings | Country | Assessment instruments | Type of study | Target population | Sample size * |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atkins et al., 2015 | School | United States | Observations, reports and assessment of academic performance | Intervention/Quasi-experimental/Longitudinal | Children and families | 416 (280) |
| Bloemraad and Terriquez, 2016 | Community | United States | Questionnaire, interview, and documentary data | Descriptive/Cross-sectional | Immigrant youth/communities of color | 1210 (440) |
| Bradshaw et al., 2009 | School | United States | Academic performance and interview | Intervention/Quasi-experimental/Longitudinal | Children | 678 |
| Cappella et al., 2012 | School | United States | Questionnaires and interviews | Intervention/Quasi-experimental | Consultant, teacher and children | 890 (828) |
| Connell and Dishion, 2008 | School | United States | Questionnaires | Intervention/Longitudinal | At-risk adolescents | 998 |
| Fazel, 2015 | School | United Kingdom | Interview | Survey/Cross-sectional | Refugee children | 40 |
| Houlston et al., 2011 | Secondary School | United Kingdom | Questionnaires | Survey/Cross-sectional | Adolescents | 334 |
| Kia-Keating et al., 2017 | Community | United States | Community forums | Intervention | Latino youth, family, and community | 194 (21) |
| McWhirter and McWhirter, 2010 | Community | United States | Group sessions | Comparative intervention | Family and children | |
| Ohl et al., 2013 | School | United Kingdom | Questionnaires | Intervention/Quasi-experimental | Children | 385 |
| Puffer et al., 2016 | Community | Kenya | Questionnaires | Intervention/Longitudinal | Adolescents | 440 (237) |
*
Sample size: total sample of the study; brackets indicate total number of children and youth.