Figure 6.

Increased right insular recruitment during stimulation predicts subsequent phantom limb pain (PLP) relief. To assess the neural correlates of PLP relief in brain regions that adhere to right/left lateralization, as opposed to ipsilateral/contralateral lateralization, we repeated the analysis described for Figure 4A in brains that were not flipped (ie, the primary sensorimotor missing hand cortex was not aligned). In short, we conducted a regression analysis using PLP relief scores taken at the end of the experimental session (∼90 minutes after stimulation offset) as a whole‐brain regressor of phantom hand movement activity during intervention stimulation. Increased right insular recruitment during task‐concurrent intervention stimulation was predictive of subsequent PLP relief. A = anterior; L = left; P = posterior; R = right; tDCS = transcranial direct current stimulation. [Color figure can be viewed at www.annalsofneurology.org]