Immunofluorescent staining of human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived neurons (Axol) demonstrating positive expression of neural markers TuJ1, GFAP/S100β, GABA (low expression under calcium calmodulin kinase II [CaMKII] promoter) and vGlut1 (low expression under synapsin‐1 [SYN1] promoter) under the control of different neuronal‐specific promoters. Axol cells containing pSYN1‐ChR2‐eYFP and pCaMKII‐ChR2‐eYFP were cultured on a laminin coated 24‐well, glass‐bottom plates, and matured in Axol differentiation and maintenance medium for 3–6 weeks. The cells were fixed, permeabilised, and stained with identifying markers shown in green depicting the neural cytoskeletal (TuJ1), astrocytes (GFAP/S100ß), GABAergic neurons (GABA), and glutamatergic neurons (vGlut1). ChR2‐eYFP is depicted in yellow whereas cell nuclei are depicted in blue (DAPI). Fluorescent images were captured using confocal microscopy (Zeiss‐LSM 710) and processed with ZEN light 2011 software. Scale bar: 50 μm [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]