Table 1.
Characteristics between young TBM patients in stroke group and non-stroke group
| Total (n = 52) | Stroke group (n = 12) | Non-stroke group (n = 40) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 30.3 ± 9.9 | 35.9 ± 10.8 | 28.4 ± 9.3 | 0.040 |
| Sex (male, %) | 33 (63.5%) | 8 (66.7%) | 25 (62.5%) | 1.000 |
| Smoking, % | 11 (21.2%) | 2 (25.0%) | 9 (22.5%) | 1.000 |
| HIV, % | 3 (5.8%) | 2 (16.7%) | 1 (2.5%) | 0.254 |
| Clinical presentations | ||||
| Fever, % | 44 (84.6%) | 10 (83.3%) | 34 (85.0%) | 1.000 |
| Headache, % | 39 (75.0%) | 12 (100%) | 27 (67.5%) | 0.024 |
| Vomiting, % | 17 (32.7%) | 5 (41.7%) | 12 (30.0%) | 0.686 |
| Altered consciousness, % | 17 (32.7%) | 5 (41.7%) | 12 (30.0%) | 0.686 |
| Visual disturbance, % | 6 (11.5%) | 2 (16.7%) | 4 (10.0%) | 0.905 |
| Cranial nerve palsy, % | 8 (15.4%) | 4 (33.3%) | 4 (10.0%) | 0.131 |
| Focal weakness, % | 12 (23.1%) | 5 (41.7%) | 7 (17.5%) | 0.176 |
| Neck stiffness, % | 21 (40.4%) | 7 (58.3%) | 14 (35.0%) | 0.267 |
| Seizure, % | 8 (15.4%) | 2 (16.7%) | 6 (15.5%) | 1.000 |
| GCS score | ||||
| 3–10 | 7 (13.5%) | 4 (33.3%) | 3 (7.5%) | |
| 11–15 | 45 (86.5%) | 8 (66.7%) | 37 (92.5%) | 0.069 |
| Stage of TBM | ||||
| Stage I | 36 (69.2%) | 7 (58.3%) | 29 (72.5%) | |
| Stage II | 9 (17.3%) | 1 (8.3%) | 8 (20.0%) | |
| Stage III | 7 (13.5%) | 4 (33.4%) | 3 (7.5%) | 0.195 |
| Clinical outcome | ||||
| Good outcome (mRS = 0) | 35 (67.3%) | 5 (41.7%) | 30 (75.0%) | |
| Intermediate outcome (mRS 1–2) | 9 (17.3%) | 3 (25.0%) | 6 (12.5%) | |
| Poor outcome (mRS 3–5 and death) | 8 (15.4%) | 4 (33.3%) | 4 (10.0%) | 0.024 |
TBM indicates tuberculous meningitis; HIV indicates human immunodeficiency virus; GCS indicates Glasgow Coma Scale; mRS indicates Modified Rankin Scale