Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of patients enrolled.
| Respiratory infections (cases) (N = 238) | Healthy (controls) (N = 258) | Total (N = 496) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (n, %) | 112 (47.1) | 129 (50.0) | 241 (48.6) | 0.513 |
| Age in months (mean, sd) | 2.0 (1.1) | 2.4 (0.8) | 2.2 (1.0) | < 0.001 |
| Caucasian (n, %) | 216 (90.8) | 240 (93.0) | 456 (91.9) | 0.354 |
| Gestational age, weeks (mean, sd) | 37.7 (2.6) | 38.9 (1.9) | 38.4 (2.3) | < 0.001 |
| Premature birth (n, %) | 50 (21.0) | 18 (7.0) | 68 (13.7) | < 0.001 |
| Birth weight in kg (mean, sd) | 3.0 (0.6) | 3.2 (0.5) | 3.11 (0.58) | < 0.001 |
| Caesarean birth (n, %) | 117 (49.2) | 107 (41.5) | 224 (45.2) | 0.086 |
| Employed mother (n, %) | 138 (58.0) | 158 (61.2) | 296 (59.7) | 0.460 |
| Employed father (n, %) | 221 (92.9) | 238 (93.0) | 459 (92.9) | 0.961 |
| Mother with university degree (n, %) | 68 (28.6) | 102 (39.5) | 170 (34.3) | 0.010 |
| Father with university degree (n, %) | 52 (21.9) | 80 (31.4) | 132 (26.8) | 0.017 |
| Households (mean, sd) | 4.5 (1.8) | 3.7 (0.9) | 4.1 (1.5) | < 0.001 |
| One or more brothers (n, %) | 188 (79.0) | 111 (43.0) | 299 (60.3) | < 0.001 |
| Smoker mother (n, %) | 50 (21.4) | 26 (10.1) | 76 (15.5) | 0.001 |
| Smoker father (n, %) | 80 (34.2) | 83 (32.2) | 163 (33.1) | 0.635 |