Figure 1.

PF11 reduces infarct volume and brain water content and improves behavioral outcome after pMCAO. (A, B) Effect of PF11 on the cerebral infarct volume, examined by 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining of serial coronal brain sections at 24 h after pMCAO. PF11 (3, 6, 12, 24, 48 mg/kg) and edaravone (5 mg/kg) were administered (i.v.) at 0.5 h after the onset of pMCAO. The neuroprotective agent edaravone (Eda) was used as a positive control. Statistical analysis was performed with one‐way ANOVA, followed by the Bonferroni's test (the same statistical tests were used for C, E and F). Data are presented as mean±SEM from 8 to 10 rats/group (the same number in C and D). ***P<.001 vs sham group; ##P<.01, #P<.05 vs pMCAO group. (C) Brain water content measured at 24 h after pMCAO. ***P<.001 vs sham group; ##P<.01 vs pMCAO group. (D) Neurological scores of sham‐operated rats and pMCAO rats treated with PF11, edaravone, or saline. Statistical analysis was performed with Kruskal‐Wallis one‐way ANOVA on ranks, followed by Dunn's method (the same tests were used for G). ***P<.001 vs sham group; ##P<.01, #P<.05 vs pMCAO group. (E) Quantifications of the infarct volume 24 h after administration of PF11 (12 mg/kg) at 0.5 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, and edaravone (5 mg/kg) at 0.5 h following pMCAO. Data are presented as mean±SEM from 8 to 10 rats/group (same number in F and G). ***P<.001 vs sham group; ##P<.01, #P<.05 vs pMCAO group. (F) Brain water content measured at 24 h after pMCAO. ***P<.001 vs sham group; ###P<.001, ##P<.01, #P<.05 vs pMCAO group. (G) Neurological scores measured at 24 h after pMCAO. ***P<.001 vs sham group; #P<.05 vs pMCAO group