Edema at 5 h after moderate diffuse TBI in rats. Animals were treated at 30 min after TBI with 254 μmol/kg MgCl2, Mg PEG (254 μmol/kg MgCl2 in 1 g/kg PEG), PEG alone, an equal volume of vehicle (saline), 10% MgCl2 (25 μmol/kg), or 10% Mg PEG. ***P < 0.001 versus shams; †
P < 0.05 versus vehicle.