Table 1.
Therapeutic candidates for oligoprotection in hypoxia–ischemia
| Mechanism | Oligoprotective agent | Oligodendrocyte maturation stage | Experimental model | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMPA antagonist | NBQX | Mature | Brain slices (mouse) | 3 |
| Pre‐OLs | In vivo(rat) | 42 | ||
| Topiramate | Pre‐OLs | In vivo(rat) | 117 | |
| SPD502 | Mature | In vivo (rat) | 118 | |
| GYKI52466 | Mature | Brain slices (mouse) | 3 | |
| CNQX | Mature | Optic nerve oligodendrocyte culture | 58 | |
| NMDA‐antagonist | D‐AP5 | Mature | Live adult rat optic nerve | 24 |
| Pre‐OLs, immature, mature | Brain slices (rat) | 65 | ||
| MK801 | Mature | Live rat optic nerve | 24 | |
| Pre‐OLs, immature, mature | Brain slices (rat) | 65 | ||
| Memantine | Mature | Brain slices (rat) | 69 | |
| Pre‐ols | In vivo (rat) | 120 | ||
| 7‐CKA | Mature | Live adult rat optic nerve | 24 | |
| Reverse glutamate transport inhibitor | Dihydrokainic acid | Immature | Cultured rat OLs | 119 |
| P2X7 antagonist | BBG | Mature | Rat optic nerve oligodendrocyte culture + isolated optic nerve | 53 |
| Oxidized ATP | ||||
| P2X antagonist | PPADS | |||
| ATP degrader | Apyrase | 76 | ||
| Pannexin hemichannel blocker | Mefloquine | |||
| Adenosine receptor antagonist | SCH58261 | Mature | In vivo (rat) | 93 |
| Caffeine | Pre‐OLs | In vivo (mouse) | 94 | |
| Antioxidant/radical scavenger | Mangiferin | Mature | Optic nerve oligodendrocyte culture | 84 |
| Morin | ||||
| N‐acetyl cysteine | Pre‐OLs | Rat oligodendrocyte progenitor cultures | 124 | |
| Edaravone | Mature | In vivo (rat) | 127 | |
| Mature | Clinical trial | 128 | ||
| α‐phenyl‐tert‐butyl‐nitrone | Mature | In vivo (rat) | 126 | |
| Vitamin K | Pre‐OLs | Cultured rat OLs | 129 | |
| Ebselen | Mature | In vivo (rat) | 130 | |
| Mature | Clinical trial | 133 | ||
| Erythropoietin | Pre‐OLs | In vivo (sheep) | 135 | |
| Melatonin | Pre‐OLs | In vivo (rat) | 136, 137 | |
| Estradiol | Mature | In vivo (mouse) | 138 | |
| Iron chelator | Deferoxamine | Mature | Cultured rat OLs | 134 |
| Antiapoptotic agent | IGF‐1 | Pre‐OLs | In vivo (rat) | 97, 140 |
| Pre‐OLs | In vivo (lamb) | 97, 141 | ||
| Mature | In vivo (mouse) | 142 | ||
| CNTF | Pre‐OLs | In vivo (mouse) | 97, 143 | |
| Estradiol | Pre‐OLs | Cultured rat OL + in vivo (rat) | 97, 144 | |
| Antimicroglial agent | Minocycline | Pre‐OLs | In vivo (rat) | 97, 145 |
| Cannabinoid agonist | WIN55, 212‐2 | OPCs | In vivo (rat) | 110 |
BBG, brilliant blue‐G; OLs, oligodendrocytes; OPC, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell.