Figure 5.

Formation of ApoEVs during apoptosis. ApoBDs and other ApoEV subtypes are generated during apoptosis. Although PtdSer and cell-type specific markers can be found on ApoEVs, these ApoEVs display less PtdSer and cell-type specific marker compared to apoptotic cells. Caspase-cleaved plasma membrane proteins (and cytoplasmic proteins, not depicted in the schematic) can be found in ApoBDs. ApoBDs will undergo membrane lysis (i.e. become secondary necrotic) over time under in vitro conditions. The progression of cell death and/or apoptotic cell disassembly should be monitored in ApoEV studies.