Table 2.

Characteristics of the included articles on CAC prognosis.

References	Country	Design	Sample size	CKD stage	Diagnostic method	HR (95%CI)
Abdelmalek et al. [19]	USA	Cohort study	93	Hemodialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 2.86 (1.24–6.6)
						A: cardiovascular mortality 2.41 (1.04–5.59)
						A: cardiovascular event 1.7 (0.4–7.3)
Chen et al. [22]	New Orleans	Cohort study	1541	Predialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 1.42 (0.82–2.46)
						B: all-cause mortality 1.59 (1.17–2.18)
						A: cardiovascular event 1.91 (0.85–4.27)
						B: cardiovascular event 1.44 (1.02–2.02)
Shantouf et al. [39]	USA	Cohort study	166	Hemodialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 13.3 (1.3–65.1)
Wilkieson et al. [49]	Canadian	Cohort study	248	Hemodialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 2.4 (0.45–12.97)
Chiu et al. [50]	USA	Cohort study	225	Predialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 3.54 (1.61–7.77)
Nguyen et al. [51]	Belgium	Cohort study	281	Renal transplantation	Agatston score	B: cardiovascular event 1.4 (1.12–1.75)
Fensterseifer et al. [52]	Brazil	Cohort study	59	Hemodialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 3.53 (0.71–17.43)
Hwang et al. [53]	Korea	Cohort study	30,703	Predialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 2.86 (2.209–3.702)
Russo et al. [54]	Italy	Cohort study	181	Predialysis	Agatston score	A: cardiovascular event 8.4 (2.3–30.1)
Yan et al. [55]	China	Cohort study	254	Peritoneal dialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 6.43 (3.86–10.72)
						A: cardiovascular mortality 7.087 (2.74–18.37)
						A: cardiovascular event 4.27 (2.09–8.29)
Liu et al. [56]	China	Cohort study	1493	Dialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 4.15 (2.08–8.27)
Zhe et al. [57]	China	Cohort study	86	Hemodialysis	Agatston score	A: all-cause mortality 7.68 (1.69–34.82)

A for hazard ratio (the highest CAC score vs. the lowest CAC score), B for hazard ratio (on a natural log scale), HR hazard ratio, 95%CI 95% confidence intervals.