Table 1.
Demographic data and neuropsychological scores at baseline in bipolar subjects and healthy volunteers, and changes in the same neuropsychological tests during the 16‐week study (mean ± SD)
| Baseline Data | Statistics | Changes over 16 weeks | Statistics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bipolar Subjects (N = 20) | Healthy volunteers (N = 10) | Bipolar Subjects Completers (N = 11) | Healthy volunteers (N = 10) | ||||
| Age | 40.7 ± 11.9 | 38.9 ± 10.1 | df = 28, t= 0.43, P= 0.67 | ||||
| Gender (female) | 6 (30%) | 3 (30%) | χ2= 0.001, df = 1, P= 0.97 | ||||
| Diagnosis | Bipolar 1 | 15 (75%) | 8 (73%) | ||||
| Bipolar 2 | 5 (25%) | 3 (27%) | |||||
| HAM‐D‐17 | 3.79 ± 2.92 | 1.60 ± 1.58 | df = 28, t=–2.2, P= 0.037 | 2.92 ± 4.12 | 0.88 ± 1.73 | df = 18, t= 1.32, P= 0.20 | |
| YMRS | 1.85 ± 2.32 | 0.70 ± 1.25 | df = 28, t=–1.46, P= 0.16 | 2.09 ± 4.44 | 1.63 ± 4.27 | df = 18, t= 0.23, P= 0.82 | |
| WCST | Tot errors | 16.82 ± 9.90 | 14.06 ± 9.48 | df = 25, t=–0.73, P= 0.47 | ‐3.00 ± 4.92 | ‐0.72 ± 8.34 | df = 18, t= 0.72, P= 0.48 |
| Fail maintain set | 0.31 ± 0.23 | 0.73 ± 0.79 | df = 25, t= 1.71, P= 0.10 | ‐0.58 ± 0.67 | 0.22 ± 0.83 | df = 19, t= 2.46, P= 0.023* | |
| Conner CPT | Commission errors | 12.41 ± 4.82 | 7.50 ± 4.93 | df = 25, t= 2.54, P= 0.018* | ‐6.40 ± 3.78 | ‐0.63 ± 4.34 | df = 18, t= 2.34, P= 0.031* |
| CVLT | Learning 1–5 | 50.80 ± 10.33 | 60.18 ± 8.01 | df = 28, t=–2.60, P= 0.014* | 7.0 ± 7.4 | 0.78 ± 3.23 | df = 18, t= 2.34, P= 0.031* |
| CVLT | Recall trial 1 | 6.95 ± 2.35 | 8.73 ± 1.68 | df = 28, t=–2.21, P= 0.035* | 1.27 ± 0.91 | 0.33 ± 0.87 | df = 18, t= 2.36, P= 0.030* |
| MGH CPFQ (subjective) | 21.56 ± 6.46 | 13.30 ± 1.49 | df = 26, t= 3.95, P= 0.005* | 6.8 ± 6.0 | ‐2.1 ± 3.8 | df = 23, t= 3.85, P= 0.0008* | |
*P < 0.05.