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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychiatr Serv. 2018 Oct 24;70(1):19–25. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201800162

Table 1.

Participant demographics, health status, and health care use by treatment groupa

Total
(N=242)
Living Well
(N=124)
Education/
Support
(N=118)
n % n % n %
Demographics
 Age 57.8 +/−7.7 58.5+/−7.6 57.0 +/−7.8
 Male 210 87 107 86 103 87
 Race
  Caucasian 69 29 31 25 38 32
  Black 151 62 82 66 69 59
  Other/Multiple races 22 9 11 9 11 9
 Ethnicity
  Hispanic 5 2 4 3 1 1
  Non-Hispanic 235 98 118 97 117 99
 At least a high school diploma or a GED 225 93 114 92 111 94
 Psychiatric diagnosisb
  Schizophrenia 29 12 14 11 15 13
  Schizoaffective disorder 38 16 23 19 15 13
  Bipolar disorder 86 35 39 32 47 40
  Major Depression Disorder with Psychotic Features 12 5 7 6 5 4
  Psychosis NOS 12 5 8 7 4 3
  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 71 29 38 31 33 28
Health Status and Behaviorsc
 Number of classes of chronic medical conditions 3.4+/−1.7 3.3+/−1.7 3.4=/−1.6
 Diabetes 91 38 50 40 41 35
 Arthritis 187 77 94 76 93 79
 Respiratory Diseases 27 11 16 13 11 9
 Cardiovascular Diseases 36 15 18 15 18 15
 Body mass index 31.1 +/−6.5 31.1+/−6.2 31.0 +/−6.7
 Current Smoker 94 43 45 41 49 45
 Alcohol use in past 30 days 63 28 28 25 35 32
 Drug use in past 30 days 19 9 8 7 11 10
Health Care Use
 Has a usual source of medical care 220 99 111 98 109 99
a

No significant baseline differences were found between groups on any variable.

b

Participants could have more than one psychiatric diagnosis.

c

Self-reported conditions participants endorsed “still having” at time of baseline assessment.