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. 2018 Mar 23;2018(3):CD010840. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010840.pub2

Schoenberg 2014.

Methods Randomised controlled trial
Participants Country: the Netherlands
Setting: ambulatory
Age: adults (18 to 65 years old)
Sample size: 44
Sex: 23 women, 21 men
Inclusion criteria: primary diagnosis of ADHD, DSM‐IV‐TR confirmed by 3 psychiatrists
Exclusion criteria: substance abuse/dependence within the last 6 months; co‐morbid psychotic‐, borderline‐, antisocial‐, and behavioural disorders; and learning difficulties
Interventions Intervention: mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy (12 weekly sessions) (n = 24; 15 participants with pharmacotherapy and 9 without pharmacotherapy).
Control: waiting list group (n = 20; 16 participants with pharmacotherapy and 4 without pharmacotherapy)
Dosage, timing of dosage and administration of pharmacotherapy were not specified.
Outcomes Primary outcome
  1. ADHD symptoms ‐ Conners' Adult ADHD Selfrating Scale (CAARS: SV)

Notes We contacted authors to get more information, but they had not responded at the time of writing.
Study start date: not specified
Study end date: not specified
Funding source: this research was supported by BrainGain SmartMix Programme of the Netherlands Ministry of Economic Affairs and Netherlands Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.
Declarations of interest: all authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to this work.
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk Comment: a random number table was used – whether the number was even or odd would dictate allocation to MBCT or WL.
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Low risk Comment: this procedure was carried out by a member of staff unrelated to the data collection, and was witnessed by the data manager of the project.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Comment: it is not possible to blind personnel in a psychosocial intervention.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Comment: the outcomes were potentially prone to risk of bias without blinding of the assessor.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Comment: of the remaining 44 participants, complete clinical data sets were not available for 2 (1 MBCT, 1 WL); in 1 case the baseline, the other the post‐treatment, questionnaires were not completed at the time of testing due to practical/time constraints.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk Comment: the study authors reported all proposed outcomes.
Other bias Low risk Comment: there was no evidence of other bias.
Conflict of interest Low risk Comment: no evidence of conflicts of interest