Ibrahim 2013.
Methods |
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Participants |
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Interventions | Control group/Study group I
Treatment group 1/Study group II
Treatment group 2/Study group III
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Outcomes |
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Funding sources | None. | |
Declarations of interest | None. | |
Notes | Follow‐up weekly for 4 weeks; every visit focussed history, physical examination, and urinary US. | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Quote: "Patients were randomised systematically at a ratio of 1:1." Comment: randomisation stated but no information on method used was available; therefore risk of selection bias was considered to be unclear. |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | No quotes available. Insufficient information to permit judgement. Comment: Owing to insufficient information, allocation concealment was considered to be at unclear risk of bias. |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | No quotes available. No blinding described. Comment: Owing to insufficient information, risk of performance bias was considered to be unclear. |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | No quotes available. No blinding of outcome assessments described. Comment: Owing to insufficient information, risk of detection bias was considered to be unclear. |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | High risk | No quotes available. Comment: Numbers of participants lost to follow‐up in the different study groups were not equally distributed; therefore risk of attrition bias was considered to be high. |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | No quotes available. Comment: Owing to insufficient information to permit judgement, risk of reporting bias was considered to be unclear. |
Other bias | Low risk | No quotes available. Study appears to be free of other sources of bias. Comment: No other sources of bias could be found; therefore risk of other bias was considered to be low. |