Aminabadi 2016.

Methods	RCT, parallel‐arm Teeth randomly assigned Conducted in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Iran. Operator was an expert paediatric dentist.
Participants	83 children, 160 teeth, mean age 5.14 years, age range 3 to 6 years
Interventions	Group 1:direct pulp capping (3 Mix); n = 40 (1 visit) Rubber dam Chlorhexidine Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with slow‐speed bur Irrigation with water and 1% of NaOCl delivered by a syringe and needle every 3 min to wash away dentin debris and remove the blood clot, if present For haemostasis, moistened cotton pellet 3Mix mixed with normal saline to form a creamy mixture and were delivered to the exposure site using a small amalgam carrier to reach a thickness of 1.5 to 2 mm and extending 2 mm beyond the margins of the exposure site dry cotton pellet was pressed slightly for better adaptation of capping material with pulp at the exposure site. After removing the cotton pellet, the capping material was covered by IRM then glass ionomer before being restored by amalgam. Group 2:direct pulp capping (3 Mixtatin); n = 40 (1 visit) Rubber dam Chlorhexidine Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with slow‐speed bur Irrigation with water and 1% of NaOCl delivered by a syringe and needle every 3 min to wash away dentin debris and remove the blood clot, if present For haemostasis, moistened cotton pellet 3Mixtatin mixed with normal saline to form a creamy mixture and were delivered to the exposure site using a small amalgam carrier to reach a thickness of 1.5–2 mm and extending 2 mm beyond the margins of the exposure site dry cotton pellet was pressed slightly for better adaptation of capping material with pulp at the exposure site. After removing the cotton pellet, the capping material was covered by IRM then glass ionomer before being restored by amalgam. Group 3:direct pulp capping (simvastatin); n = 40 (1 visit) Rubber dam chlorhexidine Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with slow‐speed bur Irrigation with water and 1% of NaOCl delivered by a syringe and needle every 3 min to wash away dentin debris and remove the blood clot, if present For haemostasis, moistened cotton pellet Simvastatin mixed with normal saline to form a creamy mixture and were delivered to the exposure site using a small amalgam carrier to reach a thickness of 1.5–2 mm and extending 2 mm beyond the margins of the exposure site dry cotton pellet was pressed slightly for better adaptation of capping material with pulp at the exposure site. After removing the cotton pellet, the capping material was covered by IRM then glass ionomer before being restored by amalgam. Group 4:direct pulp capping (White MTA); n = 40 (1 visit) Rubber dam chlorhexidine Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with slow‐speed bur Irrigation with water and 1% of NaOCl delivered by a syringe and needle every 3 min to wash away dentin debris and remove the blood clot, if present For haemostasis, moistened cotton pellet MTA mixed with normal saline to form a creamy mixture and were delivered to the exposure site using a small amalgam carrier to reach a thickness of 1.5–2 mm and extending 2 mm beyond the margins of the exposure site wet cotton pellet was pressed slightly for better adaptation of capping material with pulp at the exposure site. After removing the cotton pellet, the capping material was covered by IRM then glass ionomer before being restored by amalgam.
Outcomes	Failure of treatment: pain, tenderness to palpation and percussion, sinus tract, and swelling; presence of internal or external root resorption, inter‐radicular radiolucency, and periapical lesion: evaluation at 12 months
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Using a computer random number generator
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Quote: "The operator was not blinded to the treatment because of different manipulation techniques implemented for the study groups"
Blinding of clinical outcomes assessment	Low risk	Quote: "clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted at each appointment by two experienced paediatric dentists that were blinded to the techniques applied to each group"
Blinding of radiological outcomes assessment	Low risk	Quote: "clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted at each appointment by two experienced paediatric dentists that were blinded to the techniques applied to each group"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Missing outcome data balanced in numbers across intervention groups, with similar reasons for missing data across groups
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement