Durmus 2014.

Methods	RCT, parallel‐arm Teeth randomly assigned Conducted in the University of Marmara, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, in Istanbul. Operator was one paediatric dentist.
Participants	58 children, 120 teeth, age range 5 to 9 years
Interventions	Group 1:Pulpotomy (diode laser); n = 40 (1 visit) Rubber dam Caries removal prior to pulpal access not mentioned Pulp access not mentioned Pulpotomy amputation with slow speed followed by excavator For haemostasis, dry cotton pellet Irrigation not mentioned A DL beam at a wavelength of 810 nm was transmitted. The DL fibre tip was kept 1–2mm from touching the tissue. The pulp at canal orifices was exposed with parameters of a frequency of 30 Hz and energy of 50 mJ, with a power of 1.5 W for 10 sec with air‐cooling operation mode without water. Followed by ZOE followed by glass ionomer cement before being restored with stainless‐steel crown Group 2:Pulpotomy (formocresol); n = 40 (1 visit) Rubber dam Caries removal prior to pulpal access not mentioned Pulp access not mentioned Pulpotomy amputation with slow speed followed by excavator For haemostasis, dry cotton pellet Irrigation not mentioned cotton pellet placed directly over the radicular pulp stumps and left for 5 min for fixation, followed by ZOE followed by glass ionomer cement before being restored with stainless‐steel crown Group 3:Pulpotomy (ferric sulphate); n = 40 (1 visit) Rubber dam Caries removal prior to pulpal access not mentioned Pulp access not mentioned Pulpotomy amputation with slow speed followed by excavator For haemostasis, dry cotton pellet Irrigation not mentioned FS applied by wiping the cotton tip on the pulp stumps for 15 sec. The pulp cavity was washed with saline to remove any blood clot particles, followed by ZOE followed by glass ionomer cement before being restored with stainless‐steel crown
Outcomes	Clinical failure (spontaneous pain, percussion/palpation, abscess, swelling, fistula, or pathologic mobility), radiological failure (periapical radiolucency, widened periodontal ligament space (PDL), pathologic internal/external root resorption, or pathological changes of the alveolar bone in the furcation): evaluation at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement
Blinding of clinical outcomes assessment	Low risk	Quote: "The outcome assessment and data analysis were blinded "
Blinding of radiological outcomes assessment	Unclear risk	Quote: "The outcome assessment and data analysis were blinded " BUT "Two blinded observers evaluated a set of radiographs separately"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No missing data
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement