Fernandes 2015.

Methods	RCT, parallel‐arm Children randomly assigned Setting not mentioned. Operators not mentioned. Conducted in Brazil
Participants	number of children not mentioned, 60 teeth, mean age 6.5 years, age range 5 to 9 years
Interventions	Group 1:Pulpotomy (formocresol); n = 15 (1 visit) Rubber dam Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with high‐speed bur Pulpotomy amputation with excavator For haemostasis, dry sterile cotton pellet Irrigation with saline Cotton wool pellet soaked with 1:5 FC placed on pulp stumps for 5 minutes after pulpotomy, followed by ZOE and IRM before being restored with glass ionomer cement Group 2:Pulpotomy (CH); n = 15 (1 visit) Rubber dam Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with high‐speed bur Pulpotomy amputation with excavator For haemostasis, dry sterile cotton pellet Irrigation with saline CH, followed by ZOE and IRM before being restored with glass ionomer cement Group 3:Pulpotomy (LLLT); n = 15 (1 visit) Rubber dam Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with high‐speed bur Pulpotomy amputation with excavator For haemostasis, dry sterile cotton pellet Irrigation with saline the InGaAlP laser radiation was delivered through a 320 lm diameter optical fibre in contact with pulp tissue; the parameters were set at 660 nm wavelength, 10 mW power output, 2.5 J/cm² energy density, 50 to 60 Hz frequency, 0.04 cm² focus beam diameter and irradiation time of 10 seconds, followed by ZOE and IRM before being restored with glass ionomer cement Group 4:Pulpotomy (CH+ LLLT); n = 15 (1 visit) Rubber dam Caries removal prior to pulpal access Pulp access with high‐speed bur Pulpotomy amputation with excavator For haemostasis, dry sterile cotton pellet Irrigation with saline the InGaAlP laser radiation was delivered through a 320 lm diameter optical fibre in contact with pulp tissue; the parameters were set at 660 nm wavelength, 10 mW power output, 2.5 J/cm² energy density, 50 to 60 Hz frequency, 0.04 cm² focus beam diameter and irradiation time of 10 seconds, followed by CH, then IRM before being restored with glass ionomer cement
Outcomes	Clinical success (absence of spontaneous pain, mobility, swelling, or fistula), Radiographic success (presence of hard tissue barrier formation and pulp calcifications, and absence of internal or external root resorption and furcation radiolucency)
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Random number table
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement
Blinding of clinical outcomes assessment	Low risk	Quote: "At each checkup, two blinded and calibrated investigators performed clinical and periapical radiographic examination of the pulpotomized teeth"
Blinding of radiological outcomes assessment	Low risk	quote: "At each checkup, two blinded and calibrated investigators performed clinical and periapical radiographic examination of the pulpotomized teeth"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Proportion of missing outcomes < 10% of children randomly assigned
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information to make a clear judgement