Kim 2012

Methods	Randomised controlled trial.
Participants	Inclusion criteria: women aged ≥ 60 years with OA capable of understanding the information in the questionnaires and the objectives of the study; gave consent to participate; able to detect and record their pain levels (over 3 points on VAS); able to walk and move. Exclusion criteria: none reported. Country: South Korea. Sample number: IG: 35; CG: 35. Mean age: IG: 55‐59 0 (0.0%); 60‐64 11 (31.4%); 65‐69 15 (42.9%); ≥70 9 (25.7%) CG: 55‐59 2 (5.7%); 60‐64 9 (25.7%); 65‐69 17 (48.6%); ≥70 7 (20.0%) Progress Plus: 100% women; education: none 11.4, elementary 14.3, middle school 42.9, high school 14.3, ≥ college 17.1; marital status: married 62.9, bereavement 31.4, other 5.7; income: yes 11.4, none 88.6.
Interventions	Provider(s): certified exercise instructor. Training: yes. Setting: recreational/leisure facilities. Content: patient education; stretching; strengthening exercises; cardiovascular\range of motion, flexibility, muscle strength and endurance. Length/intensity: 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks. Control: usual care.
Outcomes	At 12 weeks: pain; self‐efficacy; depression.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Described as "simple randomization" of people recruited from a public health centre located in G city, South Korea.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Not reported.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not reported.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Not reported.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Attrition: IG: 12.5% (5/40); CG: 12.5% (5/40). Lost to follow‐up: IG: 1 accident on the pool deck, 2 domestic problems, 2 physical problems; CG: 2 domestic problems; 3 physical problems. Details of how missing data was handled not reported. No ITT analysis.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Selective outcome not apparent.
Other bias	Low risk	No other bias detected.