10.4. Analysis.

Comparison 10 Patient reports/series: number of participants with non‐serious adverse events, Outcome 4 Central nervous system: voice and speech disorders.

Central nervous system: voice and speech disorders
Study
Voice problems
Yalcin 2012	Teacher and family observed disturbance of voice quality, hoarseness, bifurcation‐strain and over vibration of voice. The symptoms began on the first day of treatment with methylphenidate. Hoarseness and reduction in the voice amplitude was evident during the first visit to a psychiatric out‐hospital clinic. No symptoms were observed by parents or during the psychiatric control on drug‐free days. Experienced hoarseness when methylphenidate administered in the clinic. Voice quality returned to normal three hours after ingestion. Laryngitis or other organic conditions causing hoarseness were not observed in physical and endoscopic examination. There were no important side effects with discontinuation of methylphenidate and administration of atomoxetine
Stuttering
Alpaslan 2015	A case report of a 7‐year‐old boy who developed stuttering associated with the use of methylphenidate; received 10 mg/daily of short‐acting methylphenidate. 10 days after beginning treatment with short‐acting methylphenidate, the client began to stutter. Treatment was stopped. 1 week later, the patient's speech was back to normal. 4 weeks later atomoxetine treatment was started with no recurrence of stuttering