Fernández‐Fernández 2011.

Methods	A patient report of infantile psychosis during methylphenidate treatment
Participants	Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV‐R (subtype: combined) Age: 10 years old IQ: > 70 Sex: male Ethnicity: not stated Country: Spain Comorbidity: not stated Comedication: not stated Sociodemographics: adopted
Interventions	2 years of extended release methylphenidate, dosage: 0.7/kg/day 1 week of extended release methylphenidate, dosage: 1.2 mg/kg/day Administration schedule: once daily Treatment compliance: not stated
Outcomes	Serious adverse events: Infantile psychosis. Significant behavioural changes with emotional lability, mood changes, disruptive behaviour and aggressive behaviour towards his mother and relatives. Presence of inner voices Discontinuation of methylphenidate treatment: no disruptive behaviour, aggressive attitude, nor inner voices
Notes	Funding/vested interests: not stated Authors' affiliations: Unidad de Neurologiá Pediátrica. Hospital Universitario Infantil Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla, España Key conclusions of the study authors: caregivers of children treated with psychostimulants should be informed of possible side effects in order to ensure proper treatment in case of appearance. Professionals must be familiar with the adverse reactions that may occur with methylphenidate treatment. Paediatric neurologists and child psychiatrists must be agile in handling these reactions when it comes to withdrawal of the medication, treatment of the adverse reactions and prevention of misdiagnosis or the establishment of a chronic antipsychotic or stimulant treatment Supplemental information regarding ADHD diagnostic criteria and IQ received through personal email correspondence with the authors in April 2013 (Fernández‐Fernámdez 2013b [pers comm])