Ghanizadeh 2013.

Methods	An 8‐week parallel trial with 2 arms: Methylphenidate and folic acid Methylphenidate and placebo
Participants	Number of patients screened: not stated Number included: 49 Number randomised to methylphenidate + placebo: 26 Number randomised to methylphenidate + folic acid: 23 Number followed up in methylphenidate + placebo: 13 Number of withdrawals in methylphenidate + placebo: 13 Methylphenidate + placebo group Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV (subtype: not stated) Age: mean 9.9, range 5‐16 years old IQ: no estimated mental retardation Sex: 23 males, 3 females Methylphenidate‐naïve: not stated Ethnicity: not stated Country: Iran Comorbidity: not stated Comedication: not stated Sociodemographics: not stated Inclusion criteria Diagnosis of ADHD according to DSM‐IV Aged 5 to 16 years Children and parents providing informed consent Exclusion criteria Self‐reported allergic reaction to folic acid Kidney disease, estimated mental retardation, mild pervasive developmental disorder, infection, anaemia, alcoholism or epilepsy Being on dialysis Taking medication such as phenytoin, methotrexate, nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, barbiturates, such as phenobarbital, and antiepileptic medication such as phenytoin or primidone Diagnosed psychotic disorder or diagnosed mood disorder Other conditions that preclude participation (or increase risk) in the clinical trial (Type 1 diabetes mellitus, metabolic diseases, gastro‐intestinal disorders affecting nutrient absorption, cancer) Extensive use of nutritional folic acid supplements within the previous 3 months Behaviour therapy or any other psychotherapy in the last 3 months or during the study
Interventions	Methylphenidate type: not stated Mean MPH dosage: 10 mg/day (< 25 kg) and 20 mg/day (> 24 kg) Administration schedule: twice daily Duration of intervention: 2 months Treatment compliance: not stated
Outcomes	Non‐serious adverse events: Self‐reported measures upon dropout from study
Notes	Sample calculation: yes Ethics approval: approved by the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Ethics Committee Funding/vested interests/authors' affiliations: not stated Key conclusions of the study authors: considering the marked limitations of this trial, this report suggests that methylphenidate may improve ADHD symptoms and the quality of life of children with ADHD. Current evidence does not support that folic acid as an adjuvant is effective for treating ADHD symptoms or aggression, or improving quality of life of children with ADHD Exclusion of methylphenidate non‐responders/children who have previously experienced adverse events on methylphenidate: no