Greenhill 1983.

Methods	A 2‐night polysomnographic study of children with ADHD before and after 6 months of methylphenidate treatment
Participants	Number of participants screened: not stated Number of participants included: 9 Number of participants followed up: 7 Number of withdrawals: 2 Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐III (subtype: not stated) Age: mean 8.6 years (range 6.7‐10.7) IQ: > 70 Sex: 9 males Methylphenidate‐naïve: none Ethnicity: white: 3, Black: 4, Hispanic: 0 Country: USA Comorbidity: not stated Comedication: not stated Sociodemographics: all children were living at home with one or more parents Inclusion criteria ADHD diagnosis according to DSM‐III Parents had to rate the global severity of their child's behaviour disorder on the Conners' Parent Questionnaire (CPQ) in the moderate to severe range Children had to score 1.8 or higher on hyperkinetic factor 4 of the Conners' Teacher Questionnaire (CTQ) IQ > 70 After initial acceptance, children had to demonstrate ≥ 25 % decrease in summary score on the 10‐item abbreviated Conners' Rating Scale (ACRS), during an open 2‐week trial of MPH Exclusion criteria Children with seizure disorders, psychosis, endocrine abnormalities, manic depressive disorders, pervasive developmental, or major neurological disorders
Interventions	Mean methylphenidate dosage: 1.37 mg/kg/day by the end of 6 months Administration schedule: 3 times daily Duration of intervention: 6 months 2 weeks washout period off methylphenidate before entering study. Ongoing titration until satisfied dose was obtained
Outcomes	Non‐serious adverse events: Side effect questionnaire ‐ rated monthly by a physician Polysomnographic tests: total sleep time, sleep period time, sleep latency, sleep REM time, awake time, mean REM period length, mean REM period cycle, sleep effects All sleep parameters were recorded during a 48‐hour stay in a sleep unit. The sleep parameters were recorded pre‐drug (run 1) and on drug (run 2)
Notes	Sample calculation: no Ethics approval: not stated Funding: National Institute of Mental Health Key conclusions of the study authors: across and within (pre‐post) group comparisons showed that methylphenidate therapy was associated with delayed sleep onset, lengthened sleep, and changes in certain REM sleep variables Comment from the study authors: certain methodological problems limit the interpretation of these data, e.g. the ADHD sample was small and completely male. Most of the children did not have to be awakened since they were up before the catheter placement, but if some of the children were awakened, the total sleep for these participants is not correct. Furthermore, methylphenidate‐nonresponders and partially responders are excluded Supplemental information requested twice through personal email correspondence with the authors in September 2013. No reply