Kraut 2013.

Methods	A database study of methylphenidate use
Participants	Number of participants screened: not stated Number of participants included: 2,150,362 Diagnosis of ADHD: ICD‐10 German Modification (subtype: not stated) Mean age: not stated, range: 3‐17 IQ: not stated Sex: not stated Ethnicity: not stated Country: Germany Comorbidity: yes Comedication: not stated Sociodemographics: not stated Inclusion criteria Valid information on year of birth and sex Age between 3 and 17 years in the respective year Residence in Germany
Interventions	Methylphenidate type: not stated Methylphenidate dosage: not stated Administration schedule: not stated Duration of intervention: not stated Treatment compliance: not stated
Outcomes	8 participants dropped out due to adverse events
Notes	Sample calculation: not stated Ethics approval: yes Funding/vested interests/authors' affiliations: AAK received funding from Sanofi Pasteur MSD for the annual conference of the German Society of Epidemiology in 2010. The present work is unrelated to the funding mentioned. TB served in an advisory or consultancy role for Bristol Myers‐Sqibb, Develco Pharma, Lilly, Medice, Novartis, Shire, Viforpharma; YES‐Pharma. He received conference attendance support and conference support or received speaker's fee by Lilly, Janssen McNeil,Medice, Novartis and Shire. He is/has been involved in clinical trials conducted by Lilly and Shire. The present work is unrelated to the above grants and relationships. RTM received research funding from Sanofi PasteurMSD and Bayer‐Pharma. The mentioned funding is unrelated to the present work. EG is running a department that occasionally performs studies for pharmaceutical industries with the full freedom to publish. The companies include Mundipharma, Bayer‐Pharma, Stada, Sanofi‐Aventis, Sanofi‐Pasteur, Novartis, Celgene and GSK. In the past, EG has been consultant to Bayer‐Schering, Nycomed, Teva and Novartis. The present work is unrelated to the stated relationships. IL, CL, UP, and FP declare no competing interests Key conclusions of the study authors: children starting methylphenidate treatment had a high prevalence of pre‐existing psychiatric comorbidities which may affect methylphenidate prescribing. Cardiovascular and other comorbidities were generally rare, but require attention as they were more common among those who received methylphenidate than in the control group Supplemental information requested through personal email correspondence with the authors in June 2016. Data were not available