Mohammadi 2012b.

Methods	A a single‐centre randomised, double‐blind, parallel‐group clinical trial of methylphenidate use for 6 weeks
Participants	Number of patients screened: 53 Number included: 46 Number randomised to methylphenidate: 23, buspirone: 23 Number followed up in each arm: methylphenidate: 20 and buspirone: 20 Number of withdrawals in each arm: methylphenidate: 3 and buspirone: 3 Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV‐TR (subtype: combined (100%)) Age: mean: 9.70 (SD 3.18), range: 6‐14 years old IQ: above 70 Sex: 13 males, 7 females Methlphenidate‐naïve: 100% (n = 20) Ethnicity: not stated Country: Iran Comorbidity: not stated Comedication: not stated Sociodemographics: not stated Inclusion criteria: Met the DSM‐IV‐TR diagnostic criteria for ADHD Total or subscale scores (or both) on ADHD‐RS‐IV School Version of ≥ 1.5 SD above norms for patient's age and gender Parents and children had to be willing to comply with all requirements of the study Written informed consent was obtained from each patient's parent or guardian Exclusion criteria: History or current diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorders, schizophrenia or other psychiatric disorders (DSM‐IV axis I) Any current psychiatric comorbidity that required pharmacotherapy Any evidence of suicide risk Mental retardation (IQ below 70) A clinically significant chronic medical condition, including organic brain disorder, seizures Current abuse or dependence on drugs the last 6 months Hypertension or hypotension
Interventions	Methylphenidate type: immediate release (Ritalin) Mean methylphenidate dosage: 20‐30 mg/day depending on weight (20 mg/day for < 30 kg and 30 mg/day for > 30 kg) Administration schedule: not stated Duration of intervention: 6 weeks Treatment compliance: not stated
Outcomes	Adverse effects were systematically recorded at each visit (baseline, 3 weeks, and 6 weeks) using a checklist (not otherwise specified) that comprised 20 side effects
Notes	Sample calculation: not stated Ethics approval: the study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (grant No: 8643) Funding/vested interests: this study was supported by a grant from Tehran University of Medical Sciences (grant no: 8643) Any withdrawals due to adverse events: no Authors' affiliations: not stated Key conclusions of the study authors: the results of this study suggest that administration of buspirone has no comparable efficacy in comparison with methylphenidate in the treatment of ADHD. Nevertheless, in our study, those in the buspirone group experienced fewer adverse events than the methylphenidate group in particular regarding decreased appetite, headache and insomnia Exclusion of methylphenidate non‐responders/children who have previously experienced adverse events on methylphenidate: no Supplemental information requested from the authors twice through email correspondence in June 2016. No reply