Poulton 2012.

Methods	A clinic‐based, prospective, cohort study with up to 3 years of follow‐up
Participants	Number of participants screened: not stated Number of participants included: 21 Number of participants followed up: 19 Number of withdrawals: not stated Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV (subtype: combined (76%), inattentive (19%), hyperactive (5%)) Age: mean 7.54, range 4.99‐9.04 years old IQ: > 70 Sex: 18 males, 3 females Methylphenidate‐naïve: 100% Ethnicity: not stated Country: Australia Comorbidity. not stated Comedication: not stated Sociodemographics: not stated Inclusion criteria ADHD according to DSM criteria Aged < 9 years old Newly diagnosed Clinical indication for starting treatment with stimulant medication Exclusion criteria Previous treated with psychotropic medication Medical conditions likely to impact on growth
Interventions	Methylphenidate type: immediate release Methylphenidate dosage: 24.3 mg/day (6.2 mg/day) at 6 months Administration schedule: not stated Duration of intervention: up to 36 months Treatment compliance: not stated
Outcomes	Non‐serious adverse events: Growth: height, weight, and BMI z scores measured at baseline, 6 months, 18 months, 30 months. All measurement were made without shoes or outdoor clothing Height was measured to the nearest 1 mm using a wall mounted stadiometer Weight was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg using electronic scales BMI were corrected for age and sex by conversion to z scores based on Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference data
Notes	Sample calculation: yes Ethics approval: yes Funding: the research was supported by the Australian Woman and Children's research Foundation (OZWAC) and by the Nepean Medical Research Foundation Vested interests/authors' affiliations: the authors declare that they have no competing interests Key conclusions of the study authors: stimulant medication was associated with early fat loss and reduced bone turnover. Lean tissue including bone increased more slowly over 3 years of continuous treatment than would be expected for growth in height. There was long‐term improvement in the proportion of central fat for height. This study shows that relatively minor reductions in weight on stimulant medication can be associated with long‐term changes in body composition. Further study is required to determine the effects of these changes on adults Comments from the review authors: the study describe children both on dexamphetamine treatment and methylphenidate treatment. We have received separate data on the methylphenidate group from the study authors Exclusion of MPH non‐responders/children who have previously experienced adverse events on MPH: no Supplemental information regarding data received through personal email correspondence with the authors in October 2013 (Poulton 2013b [pers comm])