Sahin 2014.

Methods	A study of methylphenidate use for 2 months
Participants	Number of patients screened: not stated Number of participants included: 30 Number of participants followed up: 30 Number of withdrawals: 0 Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV (subtype: combined (46.7%), hyperactive‐impulsive (10%), inattentive (43.3%)) Age: mean 9.54 (SD 2.83), range 6‐18 years old IQ: > 70 Sex: 24 males, 6 females Methylphenidate‐naïve: 100% Ethnicity: not stated Country: Turkey Comorbidity: disruptive behaviour disorder (DBD): 17, anxiety disorder: 5, learning disability: 3, enuresis/encopresis: 3, tic disorder: 2 Comedication: none Sociodemographics: not stated Inclusion criteria Children and adolescents aged 6‐18 years who were to receive sustained release methylphenidate for DSM‐IV diagnosed ADHD Exclusion criteria Previously received methylphenidate Used any other psychotropic drug for more than 7 days Used any drug within the last 1 month Any systemic or metabolic disease, mood disorder, extensive developmental disorder, psychotic disorder, substance abuse, progressive neurological disease, visual and/or auditory disability, or mental retardation (IQ < 70)
Interventions	Methylphenidate type: osmotic release oral system (OROS) Mean methylphenidate dosage: 0.70 (SD 0.20) mg/kg/day (0.64 (SD 0.16) mg/kg/day in the 1st month and 0.76 (SD 0.25) mg/kg/day in the 2nd month) Administration schedule: not stated Duration of intervention: 2 months Treatment compliance: 100%
Outcomes	Non‐serious adverse events: Barkley Side Effects Rating Scale after 2 months of treatment Height and weight measured pre‐ and post‐treatment
Notes	Sample calculation: no Ethics approval: yes Funding: sponsored by Ondokuz Mayis University project number PYO.TIP.1904.12.013. Vested interests/authors' affiliations: none of the authors report conflicts of interest Key conclusions of the study authors: leptin and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were not associated with poor appetite and/or weight loss due to methylphenidate treatment. However, ghrelin and adiponectin might be biomolecules that play a role in underlying neurobiological mechanisms of methylphenidate‐related appetite or weight loss. Exclusion of methylphenidate non‐responders/children who have previously experienced adverse events on methylphenidate: no