Wiguna 2012.

Methods	12‐week open, prospective, non‐randomised trial using a pre‐test and post‐test design
Participants	Number of participants screened: not stated Number of participants included: not stated Number of participants followed up: 21 Number of withdrawals: not stated Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV/ICD‐10 (subtype: combined (71.4%), inattentive (28.6%)) Age: mean 8.52, 7‐10 years old IQ: mean 110.14 Sex: 17 males, 4 females Methylphenidate‐naïve: 100% Ethnicity: Indonesian Comorbidity: none Comedication: none Sociodemographics: low to average socioeconomic status Inclusion criteria Between the ages of 7‐10 years Newly diagnosed with ADHD Drug‐naïve Normal intelligence Right handed Exclusion criteria Any comorbidity or chronic illness
Interventions	Participants were assessed before and after methylphenidate‐treatment Methylphenidate type: long acting Methylphenidate dosage: 20 mg Administration schedule: daily Duration of intervention: 12 weeks Treatment compliance: not stated
Outcomes	Weight, height, pulse, blood pressure and interim history: every 2 weeks
Notes	Sample calculation: yes Ethics approval: yes Funding: not stated Vested interests/authors' affiliations: not stated Key conclusions of the study authors: findings of this pilot study are important in that it demonstrated, with stimulant treatment, significant neurochemical changes ‐ thought to reflect functional improvement and improved neuroplasticity ‐ in the prefrontal cortices of children with ADHD