Aguilera‐Albesa 2010.

Methods	2 patient reports of the appearance of hallucinations few hours after methylphenidate ingestion
Participants	Case 1 Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV (subtype: inattentive) Age: 8 years old IQ: > 85 Sex: male Methylphenidate naïve: not stated Ethnicity: white Country: Spain Comorbidity: procedural learning disorder Comedication: not stated Sociodemographics: not stated Case 2 Diagnosis of ADHD: DSM‐IV (subtype: inattentive) Age: 6 years old IQ: > 85 Sex: female Ethnicity: white Country: Spain Comorbidity: none Comedication: none Sociodemographics: not stated
Interventions	Case 1 Extended release methylphenidate 18 mg/day (0.51 mg/kg/day) Administration schedule: once daily Duration of intervention: 2 days Treatment compliance: not stated Case 2 50% extended release, and 50% immediate release methylphenidate 10 mg/day (0.45 mg/kg/day) for 3 days and 20 mg/day (0.9 mg/kg/day) for 1 day Administration schedule: once daily Duration of intervention: 4 days Treatment compliance: not stated
Outcomes	Serious adverse events: Case 1 After the first dose: irritability, emotional lability, motor restlessness and facial motor tics After the second dose: added auditory hallucinations (noise and unintelligible verbal expressions), and visual hallucinations (shadows approaching and receding) 24 hours after discontinuation: the symptoms remitted Case 2 After the first dose and the following days: intermittent visual hallucinations (insects, especially flies, flying around her). The symptoms improved at night After increased dose (20 mg) on day 4: visual hallucinations were associated with dread of going outside and cries of panic 1 day after discontinuation: the symptoms remitted
Notes	Key conclusions of the study authors: these patient reports suggest an individual susceptibility to psychotic symptoms after taking methylphenidate. This side effect is considered idiosyncratic, extraordinary and unpredictable. Case 2 suggests the existence of a dose‐effect relationship Supplemental information regarding diagnostic criteria and IQ received through personal email correspondence with the authors in July 2013 (Aguilera‐Albesa 2013 [pers comm])