2. Study results for seizure data.
| Trial | All seizuresa | Early seizuresa | Late seizuresa | ||||||
| AED 1 | AED 2 | NT or placebo | AED 1 | AED 2 | NT or placebo | AED 1 | AED 2 | NT or placebo | |
| Beenen 1999b (PHT vs VAL) | PHT: 7/50 (14%) | VAL: 7/50 (14%) | ‐ | PHT: 4/50 (8%) |
VAL: 2/50 (4%) |
‐ | PHT: 3/50 (6%) | VAL: 5/50 (10%) | ‐ |
| Foy 1992b (CBZ vs PHT vs NT for 6 months) | CBZ: 21/50 (42%) |
PHT: 21/55 (38%) | NT: 25/59 (42%) | NR | NR | ‐ | NR | NR | ‐ |
| Foy 1992b (CBZ vs PHT vs NT for 24 months) | CBZ: 20/56 (36%) | PHT: 16/56 (29%) | NT: 25/59 (42%) | NR | NR | ‐ | NR | NR | ‐ |
| Franceschetti 1990c (PB vs PHT vs NT) | Total in the PB and PHT groups: 6/41 (15%) | NT: 7/22 (32%) | Total in the PB and PHT groups: 3/41 (17%) |
NT: 4/22 (18%) | PB 2/15 (13%) | PHT 1/10 (10%) | NT: 3/14 (21%) | ||
| Fuller 2013 (LEV vs PHT) | LEV: 0/39 (0%) | PHT: 6/42 (14%) | ‐ | LEV: 0/39 (0%) | PHT: 6/42 (14%) | ‐ | NR | NR | ‐ |
| Iuchi 2015 (LEV vs PHT) | LEV: 1/53 (2%) | PHT: 8/58 (14%) | ‐ | LEV: 1/53 (2%) | PHT: 8/58 (14%) | ‐ | NR | NR | ‐ |
| Lee 1989b (PHT vs placebo) | PHT: 2/189 (1%) | ‐ | Placebo: 9/185 (5%) |
PHT: 2/189 (1%) | Placebo: 9/185 (5%) | NR | NR | ‐ | |
| Nakamura 1999c (ZNS vs PB) | ZNS: 13/129 (10%) | PB: 11/126 (9%) | ‐ | ZNS: 6/129 (5%) | PB: 3/126 (2%) |
‐ | ZNS: 7/129 (5%) |
PB: 8/126 (6%) |
‐ |
| North 1983b (PHT vs placebo) | PHT: 18/140 (13%) |
‐ | Placebo: 26/141 (18%) |
PHT: 4/140 (3%) |
‐ | Placebo: 14/141 (10%) |
PHT: 14/140 (10%) | Placebo: 12/141 (9%) |
|
| Wu 2013 (PHT vs NT) | PHT: 15/62 (24%) | ‐ | NT: 11/61 (18%) | PHT: 2/62 (3%) |
‐ | NT: 5/61 (8%) | PHT: 13/62 (21%) |
‐ | NT: 6/61 (10%) |
| Zhang 2000 (PHT vs VAL) | PHT: 6/72 (8%) |
VAL: 9/80 (11%) | ‐ | PHT: 6/72 (8%) |
VAL: 9/80 (11%) | ‐ | NR | NR | |
AED: antiepileptic drug; CBZ: carbamazepine; LEV: levetiracetam; NR: not reported; NT: no treatment; PB: phenobarbital; PHT: phenytoin; VAL: valproate; ZNS: zonisamide
aSee Analysis 1.1 for comparative results for all seizures, Analysis 1.2 for early seizures and Analysis 1.3 for late seizures. bResults from these trials reported the number of participants who had seizures out of the number of participants randomised. However loss to follow‐up during the trial was unclear. cResults from the trials only reported the number of participants who had seizures out of the number of participants who were followed up. Foy 1992 followed up 39 participants for late seizures. Franceschetti 1990 reported combination of PB and PHT results, it is not possible to differentiate between groups on seizure outcome for all seizures and early seizures.