Dupont 2009a

Methods	Randomized controlled trial Length of follow‐up: not stated
Participants	Number: 300 enrolled children Inclusion criteria: inpatients; well‐nourished male infants and children aged 1 to 36 months with watery diarrhoea < 3 days duration, with 3 watery stools per day and at least 1 watery stool in the past 24 hours; mild‐to‐moderate dehydration Exclusion criteria: severe dehydration or malnutrition, bloody diarrhoea, fever 39 ºC or higher, previous medications Breastfeeding: exclusively breastfed infants were excluded
Interventions	Intervention group: diosmectite. Dosage 3 g twice a day for 3 days, then 3 g daily for infants younger than 12 months. Double the dose for older children Control: placebo
Outcomes	Duration of diarrhoea (until first formed stool) Stool output in g/kg in the first 72 hrs
Notes	Location: Peru Setting: urban Cause of diarrhoea: rotavirus 22%. Other aetiologies not specified. Source of funding: industry Registration number: NCT00352716
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Described as randomized in sequential ascending order by a statistician
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Sponsor‐assigned biostatistician prepared a list of treatment allocation codes.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Placebo was identical to diosmectite in size, weight, colour, smell, taste, and appearance, and was inert. Blinding seems appropriate.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Blind review of data by outcome assessors
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	40 children (13%) were non‐adherent, and the rest analysed as per protocol.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	None detected. Registered trial
Other bias	Low risk	No other biases detected.