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. 2019 May 1;9:6759. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42894-4

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of aging on kinetics of agonist-induced increase in IAS tone: (GPCR versus K⁺ -depolarization). Time-course data for the IAS contraction with U 46619 (A), Ang II (B) and KCl (C), and the respective maximal increases in the IAS tone (D). Data show that in old rats compared to young rats, the GPCR-activated increases in the IAS tone are selectively and significantly reduced (*P < 0.05; n = 8). Further data analyses (E) reveal that aging significantly and selectively reduces the speeds in the GPCR- but not KCl-mediated IAS contraction (*P < 0.05; n = 8).