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. 2019 May 1;9:6768. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-43150-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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CAR depletion enhances synaptic vesicle endocytosis. (A) Average intensity-traces of DIV 14 hippocampal neurons expressing synaptophysin-pHluorin in response to 200 action potentials (APs) applied at 5 Hz. (B) Calculation of the relative peak of traces in (A). The peak fluorescence is unchanged in CAR KO in comparison to controls. However, changes in exocytosis might be covered by different rates of endocytosis. (C) Normalized average intensity-traces of (A). (D) Endocytic time constants (τ) of traces in (C). The speed of endocytosis is facilitated in CAR KO neurons when compared to controls (*p < 0.05). (E) Cumulative release rates were calculated by deconvolution of traces in (A) showing a slight increase in the amount of exocytosed vesicles in CAR knockout mice, that was covered in (A) by a faster endocytosis. (F) Normalization of the deconvolved traces in (E). The speed of exocytosis remains unaltered between CAR KO and control animals. KO, n = 14; CON, n = 13; 5 independent experiments; Data represent mean ± SEM; a.u. – arbitrary units.