Table 1.
Characteristics of Outcome Survey Participants
| Cluster-level Characteristics | Standard Arm | Intensive Arm | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 13) | (n = 13) | |||
| Mean no. of households per village (range) | 307 | (124–882) | 289 | (87–544) |
| Mean no. of participating households (range) | 55 | (48–63) | 54 | (48–64) |
| Mean no. of individuals resident in participating households (range) | 137 | (89–161) | 137 | (85–177) |
| Mean no. of individuals included in analysis (range) | 129 | (84–150) | 129 | (79–169) |
| Villages with any public toilets | 5 | 38% | 6 | 46% |
| Median no. of public toilets (range) | 0 | (0–16) | 0 | (0–20) |
| Median no. of private toilets (range) | 8 | (0–59) | 3 | (1–29) |
| Water supply other than lake | 3 | 23% | 5 | 38% |
| Piped water | 2 | 67% | 2 | 40% |
| River or open spring | 1 | 33% | 2 | 40% |
| Open well | 0 | 0% | 1 | 20% |
| Household-level characteristics | (n = 714) | (n = 705) | ||
| Median no. of household members (IQR) | 2 | (1–3) | 2 | (1–3) |
| Individual-level characteristics | (n = 1675) | (n = 1675) | ||
| Sex, male | 881 | 53% | 857 | 51% |
| Age in years, grouped | ||||
| 0–4 | 283 | 17% | 264 | 16% |
| 5–9 | 173 | 10% | 219 | 13% |
| 10–14 | 66 | 4% | 115 | 7% |
| 15–19 | 102 | 6% | 79 | 5% |
| 20–24 | 212 | 13% | 179 | 11% |
| 25–29 | 239 | 14% | 216 | 13% |
| 30–34 | 198 | 12% | 211 | 13% |
| 35–39 | 175 | 10% | 140 | 8% |
| 40–44 | 86 | 5% | 106 | 6% |
| 45+ | 141 | 8% | 146 | 9% |
| Place of birth (mv 9, 19) | ||||
| This fishing village | 439 | 26% | 477 | 29% |
| Other fishing village | 48 | 3% | 20 | 1% |
| Other rural village | 1021 | 61% | 1002 | 61% |
| Town | 127 | 8% | 127 | 8% |
| City | 31 | 2% | 30 | 2% |
| Has remained in village during intervention period (mv 9, 19) | 1190 | 71% | 1170 | 71% |
| Has lived in other trial arm during intervention period (mv 9, 19) | 18 | 1% | 32 | 2% |
| Maternal history of allergic diseases (mv 9, 19) | ||||
| No history | 1193 | 72% | 1204 | 73% |
| History of asthma, eczema or allergies | 258 | 15% | 266 | 16% |
| Don’t know | 215 | 13% | 186 | 11% |
| Paternal history of allergic diseases (mv 9, 19) | ||||
| No history | 1248 | 75% | 1244 | 75% |
| History of asthma, eczema or allergies | 145 | 9% | 155 | 9% |
| Don’t know | 273 | 16% | 257 | 16% |
| Occupation, grouped by type (mv 8, 19) | ||||
| Child, not at school | 289 | 17% | 275 | 17% |
| Student | 257 | 15% | 345 | 21% |
| Housewife | 120 | 7% | 101 | 6% |
| Fishing or lake related | 564 | 34% | 467 | 28% |
| Shops, saloons, artisans, service providers | 118 | 7% | 102 | 6% |
| Bars, restaurants, food providers, entertainment | 114 | 7% | 103 | 6% |
| Agricultural, lumbering, charcoal | 157 | 9% | 201 | 12% |
| Professional | 11 | 1% | 19 | 1% |
| Unemployed | 37 | 2% | 43 | 3% |
| Treated with albendazole in the last 12 months (mv 360, 253) | 1291 | 98% | 1404 | 99% |
| Treated with praziquantel in the last 12 months (mv 355, 253) | 989 | 75% | 1318 | 93% |
| Malaria treatment with coartem (mv 190, 167) | 708 | 42% | 747 | 45% |
| Malaria positivity by blood smear (Plasmodium falciparum; mv 213, 214) | 50 | 3% | 52 | 4% |
| Individuals aged 13 years and over | (n = 1176) | (n = 1112) | ||
| Frequency of lake contact (mv 9, 19) | ||||
| Every day | 911 | 78% | 776 | 71% |
| Almost every day | 126 | 11% | 147 | 13% |
| Once a week | 95 | 8% | 124 | 11% |
| Once a month | 30 | 3% | 35 | 3% |
| Less than once a month | 4 | 0% | 10 | 1% |
| Never | 1 | 0% | 1 | 0% |
| Individuals aged 18 years and over | (n = 1116) | (n = 1041) | ||
| HIV+ (mv 173, 176) | 192 | 20% | 198 | 23% |
| HIV+ on ART | 90 | 47% | 103 | 52% |
| HIV+ not on ART | 93 | 48% | 90 | 45% |
| HIV+ not known if receiving ART | 9 | 5% | 5 | 3% |
Numbers for mvs are in the standard and intensive arms, respectively.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; mv, missing values; no., number.