Fig. 6.

Initial ventilator settings in different clinical situations and monitoring tips.^10,21,25 ABG; arteriel blood gas; BP: blood pressure; A/C: Asist controlled ventilation; SIMV: Synchronized Intermittent-Mandatory Ventilation; APRV: Airway Pressure Release Ventilation; PS: Pressure support; PVC: pressured controlled ventilation; VCV: volume controlled ventilation; I:E: Inspiration/expiration; V_T: Tidal volume; RR: Respiratory rate; PS: Pressure support or Pressure above PEEP; PIP: Peak airway pressure; Pplat: Plateau pressure; PEEP_i: intirinsic PEEP; NMB:neuromuscular blocker. ¶ Consider high PEEP in patients with stiff chest wall [eg. LOV-ED study protocol; if BMI>30 set PEEP to 8 cmH2O; if BMI>40 set PEEP to 10 cmH₂O]. ^Δ Instead of 100%, FiO₂ can initiate 30–40% and than titrate to achieve target SpO₂ and PaO₂ in the ED.¹⁰