Fermentation pathways of glucose under AE and AN conditions detected by MS and NMR analyses. End products from pyruvate metabolism detected by NMR analysis from the extracellular medium are shown out of the box: red and green arrows indicate down- and upmodulation, respectively, under the AE condition. Enzymes involved in butyrate production and detected by proteomic analysis are shown inside the box with a red arrow indicating their downmodulation. (CLP_0793, pyruvate formate-lyase-activating enzyme; CLP_3850, 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; CLP_3853, butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase; CLP_3852, electron transfer flavoprotein, beta subunit).