Table 3.
Comparison of independent variables between pre- and postintervention (N=38).
| Variable | Maximum, n | Preintervention, mean (SD) | Postintervention, mean (SD) | t or Z value | P value | |
| Diabetes self-care information | 14 | 10.92 (1.78) | 10.87 (2.37) | –.19 | .85 | |
| Diabetes self-care personal motivation | 45 | 33.29 (3.30) | 33.36 (2.79) | –.57a | .57 | |
| Diabetes self-care social motivation | 25 | 12.16 (5.48) | 13.87 (6.81) | 2.06 | .05b | |
| Diabetes self-care behavioral skills | 72 | 54.89 (8.10) | 54.08 (7.55) | –.14a | .89 | |
| Diabetes self-care behaviors |
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| Total | 73 | 40.84 (7.30) | 42.58 (5.92) | 2.54 | .02b | |
| Diet | 15 | 9.34 (2.08) | 9.87 (2.27) | –1.32a | .17 | |
| Exercise | 12 | 7.68 (3.20) | 7.63 (2.79) | –.59a | .56 | |
| Self-monitoring of blood glucose | 7 | 5.34 (2.23) | 5.92 (1.44) | –1.93a | .05b | |
| Problem solving | 20 | 5.55 (2.91) | 6.11 (3.09) | –2.07 | .04b | |
| Reducing risk factors | 19 | 12.92 (3.23) | 13.05 (2.85) | 0.38 | .71 | |
aWilcoxon signed-rank test done.
bP<.05.