Table 1.
Sequences of forward and reverse primers of housekeeping genes and related soluble growth factor genes in osteoblasts and chondrocytes for semi‐quantitative PCR
| mRNA | Product length | Primer pairs | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GAPDH | 233 bp | Forward | ACAGCAACAGGGTGGTGGAC |
| Reverse | TTTGAGGGTGCAGCGAACTT | ||
| β‐ACTIN | 266 bp | Forward | CACCCGCGAGTACAACCTTC |
| Reverse | CCCATACCCACCATCACACC | ||
| HIF‐1α | 122 bp | Forward | CGATGACACGGAAACTGAAG |
| Reverse | CAGATTCAGGTAATGGAGACA | ||
| COL II | 116 bp | Forward | TCAAGTCGCTGAACAACCAG |
| Reverse | G TCTCCGCTCTTCCACTCTG | ||
| Aggrecan | 137 bp | Forward | GCAGCACAGACACTTCAGGA |
| Reverse | CCCACTTTCTACAGGCAAGC | ||
| SOX9 | 120 bp | Forward | TTGGTCCGAGGTCTCTAAGGT |
| Reverse | AAAGTTGTCGCTCCCACTGA | ||
| RUNX2 | 106 bp | Forward | CCTCTGACTTCTGCCTCTGG |
| Reverse | GATGAAATGCCTGGGAACTG | ||
| ALP | 101 bp | Forward | CCTGACTGACCCTTCCCTCT |
| Reverse | CAATCCTGCCTCCTTCCACT | ||
| BMP‐2 | 102 bp | Forward | TCAAGCCAAACACAAACAGC |
| Reverse | CCACGATCCAGTCATTCCA | ||
| BMP‐4 | 101 bp | Forward | GACTTCGAGGCGACACTTCT |
| Reverse | AGCCGGTAAAGATCCCTCAT | ||
| BMP‐5 | 115 bp | Forward | AAGGAGGCTTGGGAGACAAT |
| Reverse | CTGTGAGGCAAACCCAGAAT | ||
| BMP‐6 | 101 bp | Forward | TGTCAGAGGGAGAGGGACTG |
| Reverse | CTTGCGGTTCAGGGAGTGT | ||
| BMP‐7 | 197 bp | Forward | CGCTCCAAGACTCCAAAGAA |
| Reverse | TTCAGAGGGAAGGCACACTC | ||
| VEGF‐A | 154 bp | Forward | TCATCAGCCAGGGAGTCTGT |
| Reverse | TGAGGGAGTGAAGGAGCAAC | ||
| VEGF‐B | 127 bp | Forward | GCAACACCAAGTCCGAATG |
| Reverse | TGGCTTCACAGCACTCTCC | ||
| TGF‐β1 | 204 bp | Forward | CCGCAACAACGCAATCTAT |
| Reverse | CCAAGGTAACGCCAGGAAT | ||
| FGF‐1 | 134 bp | Forward | GGCTCGCAGACACCAAAT |
| Reverse | CGCTTACAACTCCCGTTCTT | ||
| FGF‐2 | 106 bp | Forward | CCATCAAGGGAGTGTGTGC |
| Reverse | TCCAGGCGTTCAAAGAAGAA | ||
| IGF‐1 | 106 bp | Forward | TCTACCTGGCACTCTGCTTG |
| Reverse | GGTCCACACACGAACTGAAG | ||
| PDGF | 100 bp | Forward | GCTGTTCACTTGCTTCTTGC |
| Reverse | AGGCACCACTTCCATTTCTG | ||
| EGF | 141 bp | Forward | GCCACGGTTACATTCACTCC |
| Reverse | TCCAAATCGCCTTCTCTTTC | ||
| VE‐cadherin | 111 bp | Forward | ACGAGGACAGCAACTTCACC |
| Reverse | GCACAGGCAGGTAGTGGAAC | ||