Survival and differentiation of transplanted cells. (a) and (b) representative TUNEL‐staining images of 24‐h postoperative myocardial frozen sections in BMSCs and Factors+BMSCs groups (200× magnification). DiI (Red fluorescence)‐ and TUNEL (green fluorescence)‐positive cells indicate apoptotic transplanted BMSCs (white arrows). Comparisons of percentage of DiI+/TUNEL
+ cells and OD of DiI in two groups are shown in (c) and (d). Four weeks postoperative anti‐cTNT‐staining images of the above two groups are shown in e and f (200× magnification). DiI (Red fluorescence)‐ and cTNT (green fluorescence)‐positive cells indicate transplanted BMSCs differentiating into cardiomyocytes (white arrows). (g) and (h) respectively show comparisons of amounts of DiI+/cTNT
+ cells and OD of DiI in two groups. TUNEL, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labelling; BMSCs, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; DiI, 1′‐dioctadecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate; OD, Optical density; cTNT, Cardiac Troponin T. *P < 0.01 versus Control group.