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. 2018 Nov 2;10(3):626–638. doi: 10.1111/jdi.12948

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© 2018 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Evaluation of cardiac function in the control and diabetic groups before the surgery. (a) Representative M‐mode (left), pulsed‐wave Doppler mode (middle) and tissue Doppler mode (right) echocardiogram along with measurements of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), peak velocities of early filling (E) and peak early diastolic velocities (e′). (b–g) Sequential evaluations of (b) heart rate, (c) LVEDD, (d) LVESD, (e) ejection fraction (EF), (f) fractional shortening (FS) and (g) E/e′. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. n = 10 in the control group and n = 20 in the diabetic group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 diabetic versus control.