Table 3.

Fixed-effects models of age effects: adult child reports

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
	Child to parent	Parent to child	Parent to child+	Up–down	Up–down+
Age parent (− 70)	.375*	− .139*	− .230*	.514*	.605*
	(.026)	(.021)	(.030)	(.029)	(.036)
Constant	22.877*	19.788*	22.987*	3.089*	− .111*
	(.031)	(.025)	(.036)	(.035)	(.043)
Reversal age				64.0	70.2
Dyads × waves	15,697	15,697	15,697	15,697	15,697
Dyads	5541	5541	5541	5541	5541
F	208.42	44.49	59.09	312.39	279.86
S.d. between	9.600	8.804	11.913	8.884	11.142
S.d. within	8.010	6.838	9.068	9.280	10.967
Age parent (− 70)	.320*	− .132*	− .200*	.453*	.520*
	(.025)	(.022)	(.032)	(.028)	(.036)
Age squared	.015*	− .002	− .008*	.017*	.023*
	(.001)	(.001)	(.002)	(.002)	(.002)
Constant	21.533*	19.964*	23.723*	1.568*	− 2.190*
	(.134)	(.107)	(.139)	(.155)	(.179)
Reversal age				65.9	73.6
Dyads × waves	15,697	15,697	15,697	15,697	15,697
Dyads	5541	5541	5541	5541	5541
F	154.38	25.63	64.39	203.59	243.27
S.d. between	9.595	8.802	11.916	8.856	11.144
S.d. within	7.943	6.837	9.051	9.206	10.850

Standard errors in parentheses. Parent to child+ and up/down+ include grandparenting

^~p < .10; *p < .05

Source: Netherlands Kinship Panel Study