Table 1.
Characteristics of patients who received major laparoscopic abdominal surgery in 2010–2016
| Variables | Total (n=4,653) | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 60.1 (12.7) | |
| Body mass index, kg m−2 | 24.1 (3.4) | |
| Sex: male/female | 2,950/1,703 (63.4%/36.6%) | |
| Preoperative comorbidites | ||
| ASA class | ||
| 1 | 1,813 (39.0%) | |
| 2 | 2,658 (57.1%) | |
| ≥ 3 | 182 (3.9%) | |
| Hypertension | 1,463 (31.4%) | |
| Diabete mellitus | 722 (15.5%) | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 210 (4.5%) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 130 (2.8%) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 68 (1.5%) | |
| Cancer | 3,924 (84.3%) | |
| Information regarding surgical procedures | ||
| Surgery time, min | 200.1 (69.8) | |
| Mainly resected organ during surgery | ||
| Upper gastrointestinal tract | 2,152 (46.2%) | |
| Lower gastrointestinal tract | 1,920 (41.3%) | |
| Hepato-biliary-panreas-spleen | 474 (10.2%) | |
| Uterus-ovary | 32 (0.7%) | |
| Prostate-kidney-bladder | 75 (1.6%) | |
| Propofol based intravenous anesthesia | 735 (15.8%) | |
| Intraoperative magnesium sulfate infusion | 387 (8.3%) | |
| Length of hospital stay after surgery, day | 7.7 (7.0) | |
| Years at surgery | ||
| 2010-2012 | 1,287 (27.7%) | |
| 2013-2014 | 1,254 (27.0%) | |
| 2015-2016 | 2,112 (45.4%) | |
| Postoperative analgesics consumption on PODs 0-3 | ||
| Oral morphine equivalent consumption, mg | 592.20 (282.39) | |
| Acetaminophen, mg | 336.73 (785.55) | |
| Ketorolac, mg | 14.10 (106.01) | |
| Numeric rating scale, pain score | ||
| POD 0 | 5.4 (1.5) | |
| POD 1 | 4.6 (1.1) | |
| POD 2 | 3.8 (1.0) | |
| POD 3 | 3.2 (1.0) | |
| Preoperative CRP, mg dl−1 | 3.5 (5.0) | |
| Postoperative CRP, mg dl−1 | 9.7 (5.6) | |
| Increase of CRP, mg dl−1 | 6.2 (6.6) |
Note: Presented as number with percentage or mean value with SD.
Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; POD, postoperative day; CRP, C-reactive protein.