Table 2.
Multivariate generalized linear regression analysis for morphine equivalent (mg) consumption in POD 0–3 after major laparoscopic abdominal surgery in 2010–2016
| Variables | Exp. Coefficient (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|
| Age, year | -0.010 (-0.011, -0.008) | <0.001 |
| Sex: male (vs Female) | 0.114 (0.086, 0.141) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg m−2 | 0.018 (0.014, 0.022) | <0.001 |
| ASA | ||
| 2 (vs 1) | 0.005 (-0.028, 0.038) | 0.762 |
| ≥ 3 (vs 1) | 0.036 (-0.040, 0.112) | 0.350 |
| Preoperative Comorbidity | ||
| Hypertension | 0.008 (-0.025, 0.042) | 0.622 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.006 (-0.032, 0.045) | 0.740 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 0.016 (-0.048, 0.080) | 0.618 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | -0.018 (-0.098, 0.061) | 0.650 |
| Chronic kidney disease | -0.076 (-0.184, 0.031) | 0.164 |
| Cancer | 0.116 (0.078, 0.154) | <0.001 |
| Surgery time, min | 0.001 (0.001, 0.001) | <0.001 |
| Mainly resected organ during surgery | ||
| Lower gastrointestinal tract (vs UGI tract) | 0.086 (0.057, 0.116) | <0.001 |
| Hepato-biliary-panreas-spleen (vs UGI tract) | -0.373 (-0.421, -0.325) | <0.001 |
| Uterus-ovary (vs UGI tract) | -0.623 (-0.789, -0.457) | <0.001 |
| Prostate-kidney-bladder (vs UGI tract) | -0.210 (-0.316, -0.105) | <0.001 |
| Propofol based intravenous anesthesia | -0.106 (-0.150, -0.062) | <0.001 |
| Intraoperative magnesium sulfate infusion | 0.065 (-0.001, 0.132) | 0.054 |
| Years of surgery | ||
| 2013-2014 (vs 2010-2012) | 0.171 (0.136, 0.207) | <0.001 |
| 2015-2016 (vs 2010-2012) | 0.245 (0.212, 0.277) | <0.001 |
| Preperative CRP, mg dl−1 (model 1) | -0.001 (-0.004, 0.002) | 0.450 |
| Postoperative CRP, mg dl−1 (model 1) | 0.014 (0.011, 0.016) | <0.001 |
| Increase of CRP, mg dl−1 (model 2) | 0.010 (0.008, 0.012) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: POD, postoperative day; Exp, exponentiated regression; CI, confidence interval; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; UGI, upper gastrointestinal tract; CRP, C-reactive protein.