E2- and E1-dependent transient DNA replication. C33A cells were transfected with HPV-31 E1 and HPV-31 Y138 mutants, along with pFLORI31 and pRL constructs. After 72 h, cells were lysed, and firefly and Renilla luciferase levels were measured using Dual-Glo luciferase reagent. Firefly luciferase levels were normalized to Renilla luciferase levels. Values are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 8). (A) P < 0.0001 by 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA); #, P = 0.045 by two-tailed t test; *, P < 0.0001 by two-tailed t test. (B) Coexpression of constitutive kinase-active FGFR3 K650E. FGFR3 K650E suppressed WT (fold change < 1) but not Y138F replication (fold change = 1). Values are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 8). *, P < 0.01 by two-tailed t test comparing FGFR3 K650E to controls. (C) Coexpression of FGFR2 in 0.5% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Values are expressed as means ± SEM (n = 8). * P < 0.001 by two-tailed t test compared to pCI control groups.