TABLE 2.
Standardized path coefficients in the structural model showing direct and indirect relationships between personality, insomnia, anxiety, and depression (N = 2962).
| Direct relations |
Indirect relations through insomnia |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | Predictor | β | SE | 95% CI | β | SE | 95% CI | RIT |
| Insomnia | Neuroticism | 0.42*** | 0.03 | (0.36, 0.48) | ||||
| Extraversion | 0.02 | 0.03 | (−0.03, 0.08) | |||||
| Conscientiousness | -0.05 | 0.04 | (−0.12, 0.02) | |||||
| Anxiety | Neuroticism | 0.59*** | 0.03 | (0.53, 0.66) | 0.08*** | 0.01 | (0.05, 0.10) | 0.11 |
| Extraversion | 0.04 | 0.03 | (−0.01, 0.09) | 0.01 | 0.01 | (−0.01, 0.02) | 0.10 | |
| Conscientiousness | -0.02 | 0.03 | (−0.09, 0.05) | -0.01 | 0.01 | (−0.02, 0.00) | 0.30 | |
| Insomnia | 0.18*** | 0.03 | (0.12, 0.24) | |||||
| Age | 0.04 | 0.02 | (−0.01, 0.08) | |||||
| Gendera | -0.04 | 0.02 | (−0.08, 0.01) | |||||
| Depression | Neuroticism | 0.39*** | 0.04 | (0.32, 0.46) | 0.11*** | 0.02 | (0.08, 0.14) | 0.22 |
| Extraversion | -0.05 | 0.03 | (−0.10, 0.01) | 0.01 | 0.01 | (−0.01, 0.02) | 0.15 | |
| Conscientiousness | -0.02 | 0.04 | (−0.09, 0.05) | -0.01 | 0.01 | (−0.03, 0.01) | 0.39 | |
| Insomnia | 0.26*** | 0.03 | (0.20, 0.31) | |||||
| Age | 0.14*** | 0.02 | (0.10, 0.18) | |||||
| Gendera | -0.06** | 0.02 | (−0.11, −0.02) | |||||
The covariance of the error terms of anxiety and depression was 0.57. RIT, ratio of indirect to total effect, CI, confidence interval. aMale = 1, female = 2. *p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.