Table 1.
Demographical and Clinical features of included subjects
| SCAP (n = 21) | NSCAP (n = 31) | Controls (n = 68) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 58.48 ± 17.37 | 49.53 ± 23.07 | 53.43 ± 12.45 | 0.164 |
| Gender, n, (% male) | 16 (76.2%) | 17 (54.8%) | 20 (29.4%) | <0.0005a,b |
| Ever smokers, n (%) | 4 (19.0%) | 4 (12.9%) | 2 (2.9%) | 0.019 |
| Current Smokers, n (%) | 6 (28.6%) | 5 (16.1%) | 5 (7.4%) | 0.035 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes Mellitus, n (%) | 5 (23.8%) | 3 (9.7%) | 11 (16.2%) | 0.398 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 6 (28.6%) | 10 (32.3%) | 21 (30.9%) | 1.0 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 2 (9.5%) | 9 (29.0%) | 8 (11.8%) | 0.089 |
| Coronary Heart Disease, n (%) | 4 (19.0%) | 3 (9.7%) | 8 (11.8%) | 0.643 |
| Laboratory findings of BALF | ||||
| Total cell counts (× 106 cells) | 0.2 (0.18 - 0.2) | 0.2 (0.18 - 0.35) | 0.2 (0.13 - 0.29) | 0.704 |
| PMN percentages (%) | 41.0 (2.0 - 65.0) | 4.5 (1.5 - 28.0) | 1.5 (1.0 - 4.5) | <0.0005a,b |
| Macrophage percentages (%) | 35.0 (14.0 - 58.0) | 50.0 (32.0 - 70.5) | 72.25 (43.5 - 88.0) | <0.0005a,b |
| Lymphocyte percentages (%) | 20.0 (13.0 - 27.0) | 19.75 (10.0 - 42.0) | 21.5 (9.25 - 41.0) | 0.948 |
| Eosinophil percentages (%) | 0 (0 - 0) | 0 (0 - 1) | 0 (0 - 0.75) | 0.320 |
| Albumen concentration (g/L) | 1.45 (0.89-2.36) | 0.43 (0.10 - 1.92) | 0.17 (0.08 – 0.27) | <0.0005a,b,c |
| Detected pathogen | ||||
| Bacteria | 5 (23.8%) | 0 (0) | NA | 0.017 |
| Atypical pathogen | 5 (23.8%) | 9 (29.0%) | NA | 0.677 |
| Virus | 6 (28.6%) | 11 (35.5%) | NA | 0.602 |
| Fungus | 2 (9.5%) | 2(6.5%) | NA | 0.903 |
| Unknown | 7 (33.3%) | 15 (48.4%) | NA | 0.281 |
Abbreviations: BALF bronchoalvolar lavage, PMN polymorphonuclear leukocyte, NA not available. Data are presented as n (%) for categorical data, mean (±SD) for parametrically distributed data, or median (interquartile range) for nonparametrically distributed data. Statistically significant differences in variables amongst three groups were calculated using one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Turkey HSD test or Kruskal-Wallis H test for continuous data; and Fisher’s exact test with a Bonferroni correction for categorical data. a statistically significance exists between SCAP and Control; b statistically significance exists between NSCAP and Control; c statistically significance exists between SCAP and NSCAP